Una estrategia didáctica para el desarrollo de la competencia investigativa en estudiantes de los niveles Inicial y Primario

Abstract

In recent years, the need to train professional researchers in the field of higher education has gained strength; however, it is necessary to develop investigative skills even from the first years of life. The general objective of this research was to improve the pedagogical practices oriented to the development of the investigative competence of the students of the Initial and Primary levels. The study responds to a qualitative approach and the design was the participatory action research. We worked with an exhaustive sample of 16 teachers, 61 Initial level students and 201 Primary level students belonging to a private school in the Ventanilla de Callao district in Peru. The field work was carried out between the months of March and December 2019. Three information gathering techniques were used: observation, interview and documentary analysis at two different times: for the diagnosis of the problematic reality and for the subsequent evaluation of the application of the proposal. In the diagnosis made, faults were identified on the part of the teachers in terms of the didactic strategies they used to develop the investigative competence of their students. Therefore, together with them, a proposal was designed aimed at improving their pedagogical practices. In the evaluation, an improvement in the procedures used by the teachers and a positive general self-perception were identified. It was concluded that the proposed strategy was effective, but certain aspects such as the evaluation of research competence in students still need to be reinforced.